Involutive flows and discretization errors for nonlinear driftless control systems.
C. Altafini
Systems & Control letters, 110:29--37, 2017.
In a continuous-time nonlinear driftless control system, an involutive flow is a composition of input profiles that does not excite any Lie
bracket. Such flow composition is trivial, as it corresponds to a ``forth and back'' cyclic motion obtained rewinding the system along the same path.
The aim of this paper is to show that, on the contrary, when a (nonexact) discretization of the nonlinear driftless control system is steered
along the same trivial input path, it produces a net motion, which is related to the gap between the discretization used and the exact
discretization given by a Taylor expansion. These violations of involutivity can be used to provide an estimate of the local truncation error of numerical integration schemes.
In the special case in which the state of the driftless control system admits a splitting into shape and phase variables, our result
corresponds to saying that the geometric phases of the discretization need not obey an area rule, i.e., even zero-area cycles in shape space
can lead to nontrivial geometric phases.
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